By Dr.Amina Akhter
“The above picture is a mixture put in the poultice for massage therapy which consists of cut lemon pieces, grated coconut and leaves of herbs taken fresh from the herbal garden”
Overview of Indian Traditional Medicine
India has a rich and living tradition of healing the three streams at present which are widely practiced for the health care are AYURVEDA, UNANI and SIDDHA with their epicenter being particular communities like Ayurveda with a majority of them from the Hindus and Sanskrit as the medium of understanding and practice, unani being form the Muslim community with Arabic and Urdu being the medium of understanding and practice , Siddha from the Tamil population and Tamil being the language for the mode of understanding and practice.
The current official status of ISM needs a quantum jump in terms of (i) the quality of professionals, (ii) academic excellence in teaching, (iii) path-breaking research, and (iv) development of high performance in clinical services.
NOTE: The herbs used in all the tree streams are similar but they attribute to their mode of the language like they have their Sanskrit name in Ayurveda, Arabic/Urdu name in Unani and Tamil name in Siddha.
Objectives
i) Viewing Infrastructure of Indian Traditional Medicine in Government premise and private premise.
ii) To view practices of Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani.
iii) Regulatory control of practitioners of Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani (in term of registration and control of practitioners)
iv) To see the training and research related to Indian Traditional Medicine.
Differences between Government and private set up in Ayurvedha, Sidha and Unani.
· The government institutions are funded by the state or the central government and hence they have limited budget for the maintenance of the infrastructure where as the private centers are own set ups of the private limited companies or the personal set up and the maintenance of the infrastructure is one the profit marketing basis.
· The physicians have working hours from 10.30 AM -4.00 PM in the government institutes with 5-6 working days a week but the private institute the physician is 24/7 – 24hrs working and 7 days a week.
· The preparation of the medicine for the government institutions are funded by the state or the central government and they are prepared in bulk at the government pharmacy of the respective state and this could be in tons and may be once a year as required for the whole state but in the private centers the medicines or formulations are prepared at their own pharmacies which are required in bulk quantities and the one required in small quantities in the inpatient unit.
· The treatments in the government institutions are both OPD (out patient department) and IPD (In patient department) but only OPD in the allopathic ISM (Indian system of medicine) hospital unit.
Type of treatment and medication used in Ayurvedha, Sidha and Unani
· The oral drugs for the treatment of any disease, which comprise of herbs, mineral and animal products are giving either in a single drug format or in a compound formulation.
· Regimental therapy in form of Massage, cupping, enema, exercise, leeching, combustions and fomentations which are called as panchakarma in Ayurveda, Ilaj bil tadabeer in Unani .
· Surgical interventions for ano rectal diseases like fistula and hemorrhoids have a prominent treatment procedure in ISM (Indian system of medicine).
· Diet therapies like the restrictions for particular diseases and a complete diet chart master the art of healing for the management of diseases in ISM (Indian system of medicine).
Requirements to start:
i) Physician
· The physician can be any gradate/ post graduate could be considered form ISM (Indian system of medicine) stream – which is ayurveda, Siddha or unani.
· The modern medicine physician can be trained in the concepts of ISM (Indian system of medicine) stream – which is ayurveda, Siddha or unani.
· The physician could be a consultant rather that a regular person for ISM (Indian system of medicine) stream – which is ayurveda, Siddha or unani.
ii) Therapist
· The therapist should be both male and female, male for male patients and female for female patients.
· The therapist can be trained from the existing manpower like the nursing staff from the present hospital and the nursing school of Malaysia which could be a short term course organized for the trainings.
· The therapist can be hired as manpower from the institutes of ISM (Indian system of medicine) stream – which is ayurveda, Siddha or unani.
iii) Others: The other staff could be trained in for of preparation of the medicine or the management of the unit by the physician who is handling the unit. The supporting staff like database of the patients could collaborate for the existing hospital unit.
Facilities (Minimum requirement can be more for more better outcome)
· A well ventilated room which could be about 20 X 20 feet; 400 square feet.
· The room should have a consultation room of 5X5 feet chamber.
· The room should have a small room 2X2 feet chamber, this is to change the clothes after the massage.
· The bathroom should have space for bathing and toilet with in the vicinity of the room.
· There could also be a 2X2 feet chamber, this is for the steam chamber, if not it could be accommodated with in the room.
· The floor could be of granite, wood but no carpet.
· The walls could be of bathroom tiles up till 6 feet.
Equipment for treatment room for Ayurvedha, Unani & Siddha
· Stove for heating (could be induction cooker).
· Tongs
· Bowls of various sixes (could be of copper as it is used for most of the treatments)
· Water heater
· B.P Apparatus
· Weigh machine
· Height scale
· Towels (Bigger ones for cleansing the body and smaller one for massaging).
· Grater for coconut grating.
· Knives for cutting.
· Cotton cloth for poultice making.
· Thread –cotton for poultice making
· Cotton
· Thermometer
· Cotton cloth gown for the patients.
· Steam inhaler equipment.
· Bathroom slipper of rubber.
· Bed cover , any artificial rubber material (like on which is used maternity /labor rooms)
· Pillow covered by artificial rubber material.
· Blanket, plain cotton.
· Cushion
· Anything could be added as for as the requirement as need from time to time.
Training management & Research layout related to Indian Traditional Medicines
· The training and research is mostly handled by the research institute like CCRAS (Central council for research in ayurveda and Siddha medicine) and CCRUM (Central council for research in Unani) at their nodal centers all over India and their clinics, the code is given to the particular drug and they maintain the clinical research which standardization of their drugs with the single or the compound formulations.
· The small amount of research is carried by the private sector when they get funding by the international units like NIH (national institute of health _United states of America).
· The post graduate institutes hold short term research as it is a dissertation criteria for masters degree and this could be experimental or clinical by the synopsis the research scholar has been approved from the ethical committee.
Syllabus and Guidelines for ISM (Indian system of medicine) practice:
· Syllabus can be downloaded from www.ccim.in website.
· Guidelines can be downloaded from www.ccim.in website.
· Registration criteria and format with procedure can be downloaded from www.ccim.in website.
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